多孔材料缓冲吸能特性表征方法

分析了多孔材料缓冲吸能机理，综述了多孔缓冲材料吸能特性的几种表征方法：缓冲曲线、缓冲系数、Janssen因子、Rusch曲线、能量吸收率曲线和能量吸收图，并分析了各种表征方法的优缺点。能量吸收图汇集了应变率和材料结构特征等信息，且能够模型化，对于不同密度多孔材料吸能特性的表征具有一定的普适性。     

遇油膨胀橡胶的制备及性能研究

自制合成了多元共聚的高吸油性树脂（HOAR），其吸油倍率在30g/g以上，将该类树脂作为改性剂，制备了遇油膨胀橡胶（OSR），研究了OSR的组分及制备工艺条件对其性能的影响。检测并证明了OSR在保持足够的力学强度下，对有机溶剂具有良好的吸收性和自身稳定性，在0.6MPa以下时，止漏时间在4min-17min。     

Dual Effects of Nanostructuring and Oxygen Vacancy on Photoelectrochemical Water Oxidation Activity of Superstructured and Defective Hematite Nanorods

An Ar atmospheric treatment is rationally used to etch and activate hematite nanoflakes (NFs) as photoanodes toward enhanced photoelectrochemical water oxidation. The formation of a highly ordered hematite nanorods (NRs) array containing a high density of oxygen vacancy is successfully prepared through in situ reduction of NFs in Ar atmosphere. Furthermore, a hematite (104) plane and an iron suboxide layer at the absorber/back‐contact interface are formed. The material defects produced by a thermal oxidation method can be critical for the morphology transformation from 2D NFs to 1D NRs. The resulting hematite NR photoanodes show high efficiency toward solar water splitting with improved light harvesting capabilities, leading to an enhanced photoresponse due to the artificially formed oxygen vacancies.     

Third order optical susceptibilities of the Cu2O thin film

By performing Z-scan method with a femtosecond laser (800 nm, 50 fs, 1 kHz), we investigated the third-order optical nonlinearities of a cuprous oxide (Cu₂O) film. Single-phase Cu₂O film deposited on a quartz substrate was obtained using the pulsed laser deposition technique. The structure properties, surface morphology and optical transmission spectrum were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and double beam spectrophotometer, respectively. The Z-scan results show that the Cu₂O film exhibits large nonlinear refractive index, n₂ = 3 × 10^− 3 cm²/GW, while the two-photon absorption coefficient, α₂ = 40 cm/GW, is relatively small. It implies that the Cu₂O film is a promising candidate for nonlinear photonic devices.     

Ultrabroadband MoS2 Photodetector with Spectral Response from 445 to 2717 nm

Photodetectors with excellent detecting properties over a broad spectral range have advantages for the application in many optoelectronic devices. Introducing imperfections to the atomic lattices in semiconductors is a significant way for tuning the bandgap and achieving broadband response, but the imperfection may renovate their intrinsic properties far from the desire. Here, by controlling the deviation from the perfection of the atomic lattice, ultrabroadband multilayer MoS₂ photodetectors are originally designed and realized with the detection range over 2000 nm from 445 nm (blue) to 2717 nm (mid‐infrared). Associated with the narrow but nonzero bandgap and large photoresponsivity, the optimized deviation from the perfection of MoS₂ samples is theoretically found and experimentally achieved aiming at the ultrabroadband photoresponse. By the photodetection characterization, the responsivity and detectivity of the present photodetectors are investigated in the wavelength range from 445 to 2717 nm with the maximum values of 50.7 mA W^?1 and 1.55 × 10⁹ Jones, respectively, which represent the most broadband MoS₂ photodetectors. Based on the easy manipulation, low cost, large scale, and broadband photoresponse, this present detector has significant potential for the applications in optoelectronics and electronics in the future.     

东北青花椒精油对赤拟谷盗幼虫的熏蒸毒力研究

采用水蒸气蒸馏法从东北青花椒中提取精油,研究了不同熏蒸时间和不同浓度下东北青花椒精油对赤拟谷盗幼虫的熏蒸毒力效果。结果表明,东北青花椒精油的提取率为7.2%,出油率相对较高;延长熏蒸时间、增大精油浓度可以提高东北青花椒精油对赤拟谷盗幼虫的熏蒸致死效果,熏蒸24,48,72 h的致死中浓度LC50分别为7.78,6.18,5.75μL/L,精油浓度6,8,10μL/L的致死中时间LT50分别为49.65,23.26,15.78 h。为选择合适的精油浓度来抑制赤拟谷盗的繁育与生长提供了依据。     

Polarized light microscopy and spectroscopy of individual single-walled carbon nanotubes

Polarized light microscopy (PLM) is used to image individual single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) suspended in air across a slit opening. The imaging contrast relies on the strong optical anisotropy typical of SWNTs. We combine PLM with a tunable light source to enable hyperspectral excitation spectroscopy and nanotube chirality assignment. Comparison with fluorescence microscopy and spectroscopy confirms the assignment made with PLM. This represents a versatile new approach to imaging SWNTs and related structures.      

基于光谱吸收的煤矿瓦斯光纤传感气体的研究

针对煤矿井下环境中的瓦斯气体,根据瓦斯气体分子在一定的波段对光有吸收特性,使光谱具有了瓦斯的特性,通过对煤矿瓦斯气体吸收光谱的分析,提出了一种光纤传感瓦斯气体及其系统。该系统以分布反馈式LD作为光源,采用InGaAs PIN作为光电探测器,通过理论分析得到二次谐波信号与气体的浓度和初始光强有关,因此检测二次谐波信号就可以获得气体浓度信息。实验表明该系统具有很高的灵敏度,传感系统的灵敏度达到10×10-6,精确度和稳定性等性能均可满足煤矿瓦斯气体检测要求。     

以渣油为原料的化工型加氢-催化裂解双向组合技术研究

开发了以渣油为原料的化工型加氢-催化裂解双向组合技术:以渣油为原料,将催化裂解副产的富含多环芳烃的轻、重循环油掺入到渣油中一起加氢,然后再进行催化裂解,生产低碳烯烃和轻质芳烃等化工原料.加氢后,催化裂解轻、重循环油中的多环芳烃可以饱和为环烷环并芳环的分子结构,重新具有了可催化裂解性能,因此在渣油加氢和催化裂解的大循环中...     

中空纤维膜接触器用于柠檬酸盐溶液吸收模拟烟气中SO2的研究

采用中空纤维膜接触器对柠檬酸盐溶液吸收模拟烟气中SO2的行为进行了研究.考察了柠檬酸盐溶液浓度、溶液pH值对膜吸收效果的影响,对比了不同中空纤维膜材料的吸收效果,考察了吸收液中硫酸根的生成情况.研究结果表明:增大柠檬酸盐浓度有利于提高SO2的吸收速率和容量;吸收液pH值越高,吸收效果越好;疏水性中空纤维膜吸收效果优于亲水性膜;吸收液中硫酸根离子浓度随时间基本呈线性增加,增加的速率约为0.192 g/(L.h).